Wrapper and method of making



June 30, 1936. R HAYWARD 2,045,852

WRAPPER AND METHOD OF MAKING Filed April 22, 1956 INVENTOR i n/WM ATTORNEYS Patented June 30, 1936 UNITED" STATES,

PATENT. OFFICE 2,045,852, WRAPPER AND warrior) or MAKING Ralph A. inward, Parchment, Mich., ,assignor to Kalamazoo Vegetablelal'chment Company,

Parchment, Mich.

Application April 22,- 1936, Serial No. 75,833

'1 Claims. 01. 91-674)) substantial freedom from objectionable odors,

and very attractive appearance.

Second, to provide a printed wrapper having these characteristics which may be very rapidly produced inasmuch as a minimum of time is re quired for drying. v

Third, to provide a printed wrapper suitable for use as food wrappers having a printed background of water-color ink and decorative and printed matter superimposed thereon.

Fourth, to provide a practical method of printing waxed paper suitable for the wrapping of food characteristics.

products having the above desirable features and Objects relating to details and. economies of the invention will appear from, the description to follow. The invention is defined and pointed out in the claims. v

A structure which is a preferred embodiment of my invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which: g

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic View of an apparatus for applying the water-color background ink to one side of a smooth surfaced paper suitable for printing. I

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary perspective view .of the paper having the background printing thereon in yellow.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary perspective of the paper wrapper having the decorative printing in red on the yellow background printing.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged diagrammatic section through my improved waxed wrapper, the thickness of the materials being greatly exaggerated for purposes of illustration.

The food and confectionery trade or i'ndustry;

has long desired brightly colored printed waxed wrappers having a colored background wlth letter, design or ornamental printing on the surface thereof. The printing steps have been to print the paper with oil-base inks and it has then been necessary to store the paper for a considerable length of time in order that the ink might dry before waxing. This not infrequently required-six'weeks for the dryingoperationas the printed webs, in order to keep the cost within a reasonable range, had to be rewound for the drying operation. The quantity of ink on the paper required more oxygenito set than was present in the roll and it was difiicult for the air to penetrate the roll to supply such additional oxygen.

' Even disregarding this expensive method, the product was not ,satisfactory after waxing, inasmuch as the odor from the ink carried along with the wrapper and tended to contaminate the.

edibles wrapped therein or detract from the appeal therefor. This was very-objectionable and it sometimes happened that the purchasers of the wrappers were unable or refused to use them on this account.

Further, because of ,the solid background of printing there was'such a large volume of oilbase ink used that it was impossible to keep objectionable odor down to a commercially acceptable minimum. In addition to that, the residue oils in the inks blended with the wax and prevented proper sealing of the waxed wrappers or rendered the sealing so uncertain as to be highly objectionable.

The trade for waxed paper wrappers has not been satisfied with colored paper as a base because in the manufacture of colored papers .it is very diflicult to maintain uniformity of color in various batches of colored stock and brilliant colors cannot be satisfactorily produced. Practically all colored papers, at least such as would be within the. range of commercial possibilities, have a faded, rather washed-out appearance, and

. do not have the brightness and purity of color that can be obtained by printing. Various manu- .factur'ers decide on a color scheme for their products and are insistent that this color scheme shall be maintained without substantial. varia tion. For this reason, much effort has been expended in an effort to solve these several probems.

an improved printed waxed-paper wrapper suitable for the wrappimr, of foods which satisfies all of the requirements of the trade. I have 9.0-

-- coihplishedthis, briefly, by first printing a web or sheet of smooth surfaced paper suitable for printing with a water-soluble. ink whichis of such low water content as to be insumcie'nt to cause appreciable expansion or wrinkling and ,which is thereupon immediately dried and printed After many yearsof reseagch, I have perfected with the desired decorative effect. After. this,

the printed paper has a film of wax applied at,

least to the printed side thereof. preferably by passing through awax bath in the conventional 'odors, but is quick drying and is free of grease,

oils and otherin'gredients injurious to the sealing properties of the wax.

The following examples are typical of the kind of so-called water-soluble ink that I prefer to use in carrying out 'my invention.

Example 1.(100 lbs. basis) 7.27 lbs. of starch and 39.96 lbs. of water are mixed and cooked with st m. To the mixture are then added 36.35 lbs. 9 lithophone, 8.72 lbs. of glycerine, 6.90 lbs. of C. P. lemon yellow A 2884, 0.80 lbs. of C. P. medium yellow A 548, and 1.16 n. oz. of formaldehyde. The ingredients are mixed thoroughly and ground on an ink mill for use.

Example 2.(100 lb. basis) 6.04 lbs. .casein,

24.20 lbs. water, and 0.90 lbs. borax are cooked in a jacketed kettle to 140 F. 12.03 lbs. paracol '(wax emulsion), 30.24 lbs. titanium dioxide, 16.04 lbs. water, 3.62 lbs. glycerine, 6.20 lbs. C. P.- lemon yellow A 2884, and 0.73- lbs. C. P. medium yellow A 548 are added, the ingredients thoroughly mixed and ground on an ink mill.

Example 3.-(100 lbs. basis) 6.97 lbs. Huron A starch, 21.80 lbs. lithophone, 17.40 lbs. medium chrome yellow A 548, 2.57. lbs. light chrome yellow A 2884, 6.28 lbs. glycerine, 4.18 lbs. cerolose, and 40.80 lbs. water and condensate cooking starch.

Example 4.-(l lbs. basis) 7.90 lbs. Huron A starch, 25 lbs. lithophone, 6.58 lbs. orange mineral, 7.90 lbs. red toner No. 220, 5.93 lbs. glycerine, 0.40 lbs. sodium silicate grade, 3.94 lbs. cerelose, and 42.35 lbs. ,water and condensate cooking starch.

In the above examples, the vehicles or adhesives indicated are starch a'n'dcasein, although other materials could be substituted. The pigments may be lithophone, zinc sulphide, titanium dioxide, titanox or titanated lithophone. The softening agents are preferably glycerine, corn sugar -or other hygroscopic material. The formaldehyde or paraformaldehyde is used as a preservative in the ink. Tints or deeper colors are produced by the addition of aniline dyes or colored pigments to the ink mixtures. The .highly pigmented formulae must be ground sufllciently on a mill to produce a smooth, even color free from color specks. The above formulae are typical of the colors employed by me. All colors new 'at the same consistency. The number of pounds of colored pigment usedjin these formula: is varied depending upon the strength of the pigment and on the shade desired in the finished sheet, and the amounts of starch, lithophone,

glycerine, cerelose, and silicate used with the pigment are adjusted to produce the desired plasticity for machine operation. u In general, I have found that the coating material above described in. its best form carries between 35% and 45%. This gives the desired working properties, but does not cause expansion and wrinkling and does not present any particular drying problem and a background ink is provided which is odorless, rapid drying and one which fulfills all the other desired requirements.

I have developed and perfected a machine for applying such background ink to a traveling web' of smooth surfaced paper suitable for printing. In the embodiment of this machine illustrated in the drawing, numeral l indicates the supply roll from which the web 2 of paper passeaover the idler 3 and then through the offset printing press indicated generally by the numeral 4.

The press acts to apply the preformed film of ink in a uniform film on one side of the paper 2. This method of applying the ink eliminates plate marks met with in letterpress work.

The ink is prepared so as to contain only a small percentage of water and has the property of a paste rather than that of a fluid, whereby its application to the surface of the paper does not sufliciently wet the latter to cause expansion and wrinkles in the sheet. The sheet printed in this manner passes directly over the face of the drum drier 5 after leaving the press 4. The drying operation is almost instantaneous so that the background coated surface of the paper may be immediately printed upon. From the drier the sheet passes under the idlers 6, 6 and then directly through the printing presses I, 8, and 9 wher the letter and decorative designs are printed on the background preferably with ink having an oil base. The web passes over the idler l0 and is then wound on the roll I I in the usual manner. On account of the small quantity of oil-base ink required for this part of the work, the decorative ink dries in a. very short time, and I am then able to wax the paper without the delays hertofore incident to printed wrappers. The resulting sheet is commercially free of odor, free of any excessive oils and very attractive in appearance and well adapted for use in the wrapping of foods or food products.

Referring to Figs. 2 and 3 and the diagrammatic and greatly exaggerated representation of Fig. 4 of the drawing, the web or sheet 2 of smooth surfaced paper suitable for printing is first provided with the water. color background printing 12 in yellow, which is dried and the decorative and/or text printing l3 in. red applied thereto, the subsequent wax film or coating being indicated at ll on one side of the sheet and at IS on the other side thereof. The presses I, 8 and 9 are used to print in three colors on the colored background, but only one is shown for convenience in illustration.

Briefly, I produce a paper wrapper suitable for the wrapping of foods using a combination of water color inks as a. base. or background printing on smooth surfaced paper suitable for printing, drying out the mosture, then applying decorative work in the. conventional press manner, which results in a wrapper free of odor, free of drying problems and free of sealing problems because of the elimination of large quantities of oil-base ink.

Very attractive wrappers can be made in accordance with my invention. For example, the sheet can be first printed in solid yellow water color ink, after which the letter and decorative describe other embodiments or adaptations, as

'it is believed this'disclosure will enable those skilled in the art to embody or adapt my improvements as maybe desired.

Having thus described my practical. I have not attempted to illustrate or invention, what I ground coating consisting of an adhesive vehicle mixed with a body pigment, glycerine, and a colored pigment and having a water content ranging from 35% to 45% insufiicient to cause expansion and wrinkling of the paper, drying and passing directly from the coating means to a drying means, printing on the coated surface with an oil base ink, and passing the printed paper through a bath of wax.

2. The method of making waxed paper suitable for use as a wrapper'for food or the like which comprises coating one side of a smooth surfaced paper sutable for printing by a printing operation with a background coatingconsisting of an adhesive vehicle mixed with a body pigment, glyc-- erine, and a colored pigment, and having a water content insufficient to cause expansion and wrinkling of the paper, drying by passing directly from the coating means to-a drying means whereby the paper is dried substantially instantaneously, printing on the background coated surface with an oil base ink, andapplying a film of wax to the printed side of the paper.

3. The method of making waxed paper wrappers suitable for use as.food wrappers which comprises coating one side of a smooth surfaced paper suitable for printing by a printing operation with a background coating consisting of a water color paste having an adhesive vehicle and having a water content insufiicient to cause expansion and wrinkling of the paper, drying by passing from the coating means to a drying means, printing on the coated surface with an oil base ink, and applying a film of wax to the printed side of the paper.

4. The method of making paper wrappers suitable for use as food wrappers which comprises coating one side ofa smooth surfaced paper suitable for printing by a printing operation with a background coating consisting of a water color paste having an adhesive vehicle and having a water content insufiicient to cause expansion and wrinkling of the paper, drying'by passing from the coating means to a drying means, and printing on the coated surface with an oil base ink.

5. The method of making waxed wrappers suitable for the wrapping of food and the like which consists in ofi'set printing on a smooth surfaced paper suitable for printing a background coating with a water soluble paste consisting of starch and water cooked together and mixed with lithopone, glycerine, a color pigment and a preservative, the water content of the paper being insufficient to cause wrinkling or stretching of the paper, passing the paper directly from the oifset printing coating means over a drying cylinder whereby the coating is dried to permit immediate decorative printing thereon with an oil base ink. printing on the background coated side of the paper with an oil base ink, and passing through a wax bath.

6. A waxed paper wrapper suitable for use as a food wrapper and resulting from successively performing the following steps on a smooth surfaced paper suitable for printing, first, coating one side of the paper by a printing operation with a background coatingof water color paste of a water content insufiicient to cause expansion and wrinkling of the paper and such as to permit substantially instantaneous drying, drying by passing directly from the coating means to a drying cylinder whereby the coating is dried to permit immediate decorative printing thereon with an oil base ink, printing on the coated surface with an oil base ink, and applying a film of wax to the coated surface.

7. As an article of manufacture, a waxed paper wrapper suitable for the wrapping of foods resulting from the background coating by printing steps on one side of a smooth surfaced paper suitable for printing with a water color paste of such low water content as to beinsufficient to cause wrinkling or expansion of the paper, drying by passing directly from the coating means to a drying means, decoratively printing upon the background coating with an oil base ink, and applying a wax coating over the printed surface.

RALPH A. HAYWARD. 

